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The Extraordinary March 2022 East Antarctica “Heat” Wave. Part I: Observations and Meteorological Drivers
Título : The Extraordinary March 2022 East Antarctica “Heat” Wave. Part I: Observations and Meteorological Drivers
Autor : Wille, Jonathan D.Alexander, Simon P.Amory, CharlesBaiman, RebeccaBarthélemy, LéonardBergstrom, Dana M.Berne, AlexisBinder, HaninBlanchet, JulietteBozkurt, DenizBracegirdle, Thomas J.Casado, MathieuChoi, TaejinClem, Kyle R.Codron, FrancisDatta, RajashreeBattista, Stefano diFavier, VincentFrancis, DianaFraser, Alexander D.Fourré, EliseGarreaud, René D.Genthon, ChristopheGorodetskaya, IrinaGonzález Herrero, SergiHeinrich, Victoria J.Hubert, GuillaumeJoos, HannaKim, Seong-JoongKing, John C.Kittel, ChristophLandais, AmaelleLazzara, Matthew A.Leonard, Gregory H.Lieser, Jan L.Maclennan, MichelleMikolajczyk, DavidNeff, PeterOllivier, InèsPicard, GhislainPohl, BenjaminRalph, F. MartinRowe, Penny M.Schlosser, ElisabethShields, Christine A.Smith, Inga J.Sprenger, MichaelTrusel, LukeUdy, DanielleVance, TessaVignon, ÉtienneWalker, CatherineWever, NanderZou, Xun
Palabras clave : Antarctica; Atmospheric river; Extreme events; Climate records; Automatic weather stations
Fecha de publicación : 2024
Editor: Wiley; American Geophysical Union
Citación : Journal of Climate. 2024, 37(3), p. 757–778
Versión del editor: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-23-0175.1
Resumen : Between 15 and 19 March 2022, East Antarctica experienced an exceptional heat wave with widespread 308–408C temperature anomalies across the ice sheet. This record-shattering event saw numerous monthly temperature records being broken including a new all-time temperature record of 29.48C on 18 March at Concordia Station despite March typically being a transition month to the Antarctic coreless winter. The driver for these temperature extremes was an intense atmospheric river advecting subtropical/midlatitude heat and moisture deep into the Antarctic interior. The scope of the temperature records spurred a large, diverse collaborative effort to study the heat wave’s meteorological drivers, impacts, and historical climate context. Here we focus on describing those temperature records along with the intricate meteorological drivers that led to the most intense atmospheric river observed over East Antarctica. These efforts describe the Rossby wave activity forced from intense tropical convection over the Indian Ocean. This led to an atmospheric river and warm conveyor belt intensification near the coastline, which reinforced atmospheric blocking deep into East Antarctica. The resulting moisture flux and upper-level warm-air advection eroded the typical surface temperature inversions over the ice sheet. At the peak of the heat wave, an area of 3.3 million km2 in East Antarctica exceeded previous March monthly temperature records. Despite a temperature anomaly return time of about 100 years, a closer recurrence of such an event is possible under future climate projections. In Part II we describe the various impacts this extreme event had on the East Antarctic cryosphere.
URI : http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11765/15763
ISSN : 0894-8755
1520-0442
Colecciones: Artículos científicos 2023-2026


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