On the origin of elevated surface ozone concentrations at Izana Observatory, Tenerife during late March 1996

Abstract

The origin of relatively high surface ozone concentrations measured at Izana Observatory (Canary Islands) during the end of March 1996 is studied using a coupled chemistry-GCM (ECHAM4) at T63 resolution (1.875° × 1.875°). Meteorological fields (geopotential height, potential vorticity, specific humidity), and a model-simulated stratospheric ozone tracer as well as 3-D back trajectories, show the stratospheric origin of these relatively high surface ozone values caused by cross-tropopause exchange at the western flank of an upper level trough/cut-off low (COL) over the extratropical North-Atlantic Ocean. The good agreement between observations and model results (within 10–15%) indicates that the high resolution chemistry-GCM is a useful tool towards the understanding of natural sources controlling background surface ozone variability. The results underscore the importance of stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE) during late winter/early spring for lower free tropospheric ozone at subtropical latitudes.